Apple joined the Fair Labor Association (FLA) in January 2012 and in February, FLA inspected Foxconn , an Apple supplier with factories in China. Three Chines factories, two in Shenzhen and one in Chengdu, were inspected. Two parts to FLA's investigation at the three Foxconn facilities were: (1) An assessment of the treatment of workers and of working conditions in the factories, which seeks to identify root causes of workers' rights violations. This assessment analyzes information from several sources, including document review, physical observation, management interviews, and onsite and off-site interviews with workers. (2)Onsite, anonymous surveys to hear directly from the workers about working conditions and how they are treated in the factories. In its report , FLA found excessive overtime and problems with overtime compensation. Employees were found to work more than 60 hours per week and sometimes 11 or more days in a row. Foxconn, headquartered in Taiwan, has promised to cut hours worked, not salaries paid. By July 2013, no Foxconn worker will labor for more than 49 hours a week. This is the limit dictated by Chinese law. China isn't the only country with unpaid overtime. In the United States, fair wage cases are investigated by the Labor Department , and most cases investigated are for unpaid overtime . The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA), passed in 1938, delineated between manager, hourly employee, administrative worker, and the outside salesperson. It established the eight-hour workday, the 40-hour workweek, and time and a half pay for the workweek over 40 hours. Exceptions to the law are exempt employees: executive, administrative, professional, and outside sales employees. (See attached for overtime pay requirements.) Managers need to know the law. Employees on the employer's premises, under the employer's control, using the employer's tools are working and should be paid for that time. One type of overtime abuse is misclassifying employees as exempt. For example, some companies designate workers as supervisors or managers, but they don't supervise other employees and don't have authority over work schedules. Another type of overtime abuse is having workers perform job duties off the clock, such as working while taking less time for eating lunch or not compensating properly for travel time to run errands before or after work. Employees can work flexible hours, telecommute, and be attached to electronic devices to perform their job duties anywhere, anytime. How can managers keep up with the number of hours that people work and when they work?