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  • Bad Banks, Visualized

    Last month we highlighted the This American Life program on "bad banks" . The folks at Redub have now put together a helpful visualization of the first example from that program--where Adam Davidson explains how a bank goes bad to his partner Alex Blumberg. Have a look, by clicking here .
  • Gordon Brown Speaks Out on Protectionism

    British Prime Minister Gordon Brown is in Washington today, the first official visit of a foreign leader to the nation's capital in the Obama presidency. Brown's address to Congress was full of economic talk. He urged US policymakers to solve the credit crisis and clean up the banking system, saying "A bad bank anywhere is a threat to good banks anywhere." And he implored Congress to avoid protectionism . Here's an excerpt from his speech at the Capitol:
  • This American Debt

    The latest This American Life brings back the team of Alex Blumberg and Adam Davidson , the guys that put together the uniquely helpful Giant Pool of Money. This time, they give perhaps the clearest explanation of the problem with so-called "bad banks." They cover how banks go bad and the options in front of government--from letting the banks fail to taking them over in some form of nationalization. The whole program is a must listen, but the part of the program that focuses on consumer debt stands out. Columbia Business School David Beim says insolvent banks shouldn't lend, and he shows Alex Blumberg this chart: In the words of Pogo , "we have met the enemy, and he is us." The above charts household debt against GDP. And it has what Beim calls "twin peaks." It hits 100% twice: in 1929 and 2007. Blumber asks Beim if he the chart scares him. It does, and Beim says: That chart is the most striking piece of evidence that I have that what is happening to us is something that goes way beyond toxic assets and banks. It's something that has little to do with the mechanics of mortgage securitization, or ethics on Wall Street, or anything else. It says the problem is us. The problem is not the banks, greedy though they may be. Overpaid though they may be. The problem is us. We have been overborrowing. You can download the full Bad Bank episode from This American Life here .
  • Citigroup and A Bad Bank/Good Bank Scenario

    A year ago, Citigroup had a market capitalization of over $137 billion. At the start of business today, its value in the market is below $10 billion. Citi stock tumbled to $1.95 last week as talk of more government aid and/or intervention ratcheted up. Now, according to the Wall Street Journal , and others, Citigroup is in talks with the federal government about further moves to keep the bank afloat, and these talks could lead to the government "substantially expanding its ownership [of Citigroup]": Under the scenario being considered, a substantial chunk of the $45 billion in preferred shares held by the government would convert into common stock, people familiar with the matter said. The government obtained those shares, equivalent to a 7.8% stake, in return for pumping capital into Citigroup. The move wouldn't cost taxpayers additional money, but other Citigroup shareholders would see their stock diluted. A larger ownership stake by the government could fuel speculation that other troubled banks will line up for similar agreements. Susan Woodward and Robert Hall use Citigroup's plight to illustrate how the U.S. Government might go about creating a "good" bank and a "bad" bank without fully splitting up a bank, thus keeping the bad bank solvent. "The key idea", as Woodward and Hall write, crediting Jeremy Bulow , "is that the bad bank owns all of the equity in the bad bank." The left column shows Citicorp’s balance sheet roughly marked to market. The company’s value in the stock market of $11 billion is $76 billion less than reported book equity value. We deduct that amount from the reported value of long-term assets, which is where the troubled real-estate related assets are most likely to reside. The other two columns show the balance sheets of the new good bank and bad bank. The good bank will continue to operate under the Citi brands as a well-capitalized operating entity. The bad bank will be a financial fund with no operating functions. The good bank gets the short-terms assets and the “other” assets because many of these are related to its operating activities. It gets the better half of the long-term assets, taken to have book value, while the bad bank gets the poor half, where the impairment has already occurred and suspicions of further price declines persist. The bad bank holds the valuable equity in the good bank to the tune of $427 billion. Read Woodward and Hall's full analysis at their Financial Crisis and Recession blog here .
  • When "Bad Banks" are a Good Thing

    In his speech yesterday at the London School of Economicsm, Fed Reserve Chair Ben Bernanke revived talk of the US government buying up so-called "toxic assets." Marketplace Senior Editor Paddy Hirsch explains Bernanke's plan at the Marketplace Whiteboard :